Original Research

Bovine trypanosome species prevalence and farmers’ trypanosomiasis control methods in south-western Uganda

Richard A. Alingu, Dennis Muhanguzi, Ewan MacLeod, Charles Waiswa, Jenna Fyfe
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association | Vol 85, No 1 | a1094 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v85i1.1094 | © 2014 Richard A. Alingu, Dennis Muhanguzi, Ewan MacLeod, Charles Waiswa, Jenna Fyfe | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 06 August 2013 | Published: 28 October 2014

About the author(s)

Richard A. Alingu, National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Uganda
Dennis Muhanguzi, College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Uganda
Ewan MacLeod, Division of Pathway Medicine & Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Charles Waiswa, College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Uganda
Jenna Fyfe, Division of Pathway Medicine & Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mbarara district, south-western Uganda in May 2012 to determine the burden of African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) in the semi-intensive dairy production systems where pyrethroid acaricides are frequently used in the control of tick-borne diseases (TBDs). A total of 295 cattle blood samples were taken and analysed using a single pair of primers previously designed to amplify internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) of trypanosome ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA). A structured questionnaire was administered to 55 participating livestock farmers to generate data on acaricide and trypanocidal drug usage. The overall prevalence of trypanosome species was 2.4% (95% CI; 1.0% – 4.8%); Trypanosoma vivax was the most predominant species (2.0%; 95% CI; 0.7% – 4.4%). A single mixed infection of T. vivax and Trypanosoma brucei s.l. was detected. All the participating farmers used acaricides for tsetse and TBD control; 89.1% of the acaricides used were pyrethroids. About half of the farmers used trypanocidal drugs, mainly diminazene formulations (Berenil®). Low prevalence of trypanosomes in examined samples is most likely related to the frequent use of pyrethroid insecticides, trypanocides and restricted grazing (paddocking and tethering). These rigorous management practices are geared towards optimising production of exotic dairy breeds kept in this region that are highly susceptible to TBDs and AAT.

Keywords

Acaracides, ITS1-PCR, South-West Uganda, Trypanosome species prevalence, Trypanocidal drugs

Metrics

Total abstract views: 3402
Total article views: 9152

 

Crossref Citations

1. African Animal Trypanosomiasis: A Systematic Review on Prevalence, Risk Factors and Drug Resistance in Sub-Saharan Africa
Ivy Okello, Eliakunda Mafie, Gillian Eastwood, Jahashi Nzalawahe, Leonard E G Mboera, Athanase Badolo
Journal of Medical Entomology  vol: 59  issue: 4  first page: 1099  year: 2022  
doi: 10.1093/jme/tjac018

2. Modelling appropriate use of trypanocides to restrict wide-spread multi-drug resistance during chemotherapy of animal African trypanosomiasis
Ibrahim I. Wangwe, Sarah A. Wamwenje, Caroline Mirieri, Nicodemus M. Masila, Lillian Wambua, Benard W. Kulohoma
Parasitology  vol: 146  issue: 6  first page: 774  year: 2019  
doi: 10.1017/S0031182018002093

3. STUDIES ON PREVALENCE OF TRYPANOSOME INFECTION IN ABATTOIRS IN ASABA, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
Francisca U. Chibuogwu, Linda O. Ajunwa, A. Ekpo Oyo, Tarela M. Preye, Rose O. Ebulue, S. Musa Achagwa, Chika L. Onyeagu, Emmanuel Enoh, Paula O. Ofikwu, Alice O. Jonah
FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES  vol: 7  issue: 3  first page: 28  year: 2023  
doi: 10.33003/fjs-2023-0703-1741

4. Prioritizing smallholder animal health needs in East Africa, West Africa, and South Asia using three approaches: Literature review, expert workshops, and practitioner surveys
Zoë Campbell, Paul Coleman, Andrea Guest, Peetambar Kushwaha, Thembinkosi Ramuthivheli, Tom Osebe, Brian Perry, Jeremy Salt
Preventive Veterinary Medicine  vol: 189  first page: 105279  year: 2021  
doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105279

5. Prevalence of African animal trypanosomiasis among livestock and domestic animals in Uganda: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis from 1980 to 2022
Karla Rascón-García, Beatriz Martínez-López, Giuliano Cecchi, Caterina Scoglio, Enock Matovu, Dennis Muhanguzi
Scientific Reports  vol: 13  issue: 1  year: 2023  
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47141-5

6. Investigation on Prevalence of Canine Trypanosomiasis in the Conservation Areas of Bwindi-Mgahinga and Queen Elizabeth in Western Uganda
James Robert Ochieng, Marta Planellas Bachs, Anthony Nsubuga, Innocent B. Rwego, John Joseph M. Kisakye, Laura Muro Riba, Jesus Muro Figueres, John Kagira
Journal of Parasitology Research  vol: 2022  first page: 1  year: 2022  
doi: 10.1155/2022/2606871

7. A Narrative Review on Trypanosomiasis and its Effect on Food Production
Isaac Onyam, Manasseh Adorm Otabil, Ekow Sekyi Etwire, Kenneth Kwansa-Aidoo, Samuel Adadey, William Ekloh
SSRN Electronic Journal  year: 2024  
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.4831532

8. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in some African countries from 2000 to 2018
F. Ebhodaghe, C. Isaac, J.A. Ohiolei
Preventive Veterinary Medicine  vol: 160  first page: 35  year: 2018  
doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.09.018

9. Global distribution, host range and prevalence of Trypanosoma vivax: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Eyerusalem Fetene, Samson Leta, Fikru Regassa, Philippe Büscher
Parasites & Vectors  vol: 14  issue: 1  year: 2021  
doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04584-x

10. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Knowledge Attitude and Practices on African Animal Trypanocide Resistance
Keneth Iceland Kasozi, Ewan Thomas MacLeod, Charles Waiswa, Michael Mahero, Ibrahim Ntulume, Susan Christina Welburn
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease  vol: 7  issue: 9  first page: 205  year: 2022  
doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7090205

11. Prevalence of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax in Lira District, Uganda
Aziz Katabazi, Adamu Almustapha Aliero, Sarah Gift Witto, Martin Odoki, Simon Peter Musinguzi, Guido Calleri
BioMed Research International  vol: 2021  issue: 1  year: 2021  
doi: 10.1155/2021/7284042

12. Molecular Prevalence and Epidemiology of Trypanosoma evansi Among Cattle in Peninsular Malaysia
Shola David Ola-Fadunsin, Fufa Ido Gimba, Donea Abdurazak Abdullah, Faez Jesse Firdaus Abdullah, Rehana Abdullah Sani
Acta Parasitologica  vol: 65  issue: 1  first page: 165  year: 2020  
doi: 10.2478/s11686-019-00150-9