Original Research

The pathology of acute Nolletia gariepina poisoning of cattle

E. C. Du Plessis, L Prozesky, C. J. Botha
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association | Vol 82, No 3 | a52 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v82i3.52 | © 2011 E. C. Du Plessis, L Prozesky, C. J. Botha | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 11 April 2011 | Published: 13 April 2011

About the author(s)

E. C. Du Plessis, VETPATH, A Division of Idexx Laboratories, PO Box 12731, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa. Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa., South Africa
L Prozesky, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa., South Africa
C. J. Botha, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa., South Africa

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Abstract

Toxicity in cattle by the shrub Nolletia gariepina was induced experimentally by intraruminal administration of 3 g/kg dried, milled plant material as a single dose. The animals had to be starved for 24 hours before dosing, as dosing on a full rumen did not induce any signs of toxicity during 5 days of observation and clinical pathology monitoring. Clinical signs were not specific and varied according to the duration (acute versus subacute) of the toxicological process. Clinical pathological parameters indicated renal and to a lesser extent hepatic damage, with raised serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT). Increased urinary sodium and potassium concentration and GGT activity, as well as proteinuria, were evident. Histological and electron microscopic examinations revealed acute renal tubular epithelial cell degeneration and necrosis, especially of the proximal convoluted tubules. Mild hepatocellular degeneration was also noticeable.

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Crossref Citations

1. Plant poisonings in livestock in Brazil and South Africa
Mary-Louise Penrith, Christo J. Botha, Royden C. Tustin
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doi: 10.4102/jsava.v86i1.1200